Wastewater — Process Challenge

Coagulants & Flocculants for Turbidity Removal

Raw/process water and clarifier feed carry colloidal turbidity that won't settle. Design destabilizes colloids with metal-salt or polyamine coagulants (charge neutralization) then bridges them into settleable flocs with high-MW polymer
Updated Jun 2026
Solution Approach

RawSource supplies the base chemicals that go into these programs. We can help with product selection, grade matching, and sourcing from multiple origins for supply security.

Typical Treatment Workflow
1
Water & System Assessment
Characterize the water and the system — hardness, alkalinity, pH, TDS/conductivity, microbial load, and the metallurgy and temperatures of the equipment being protected.
2
Program & Chemistry Selection
Match coagulants, flocculants, scale and corrosion inhibitors, biocides, or pH adjusters to the water profile and discharge limits, factoring compatibility with any existing program.
3
Jar Testing & Dosing
Confirm coagulant and flocculant dose and feed point by jar test, set inhibitor and biocide treat rates, and size packaging (drums, totes, bulk) to consumption.
4
Monitoring & Control
Track residuals, turbidity, ORP, corrosion coupons, and effluent compliance, adjusting chemistry and dose as feedwater and load change.
Recommended Chemistries (6)
Aluminium Sulfate
CAS 10043-01-3
Acids & Salts
Standard alum coagulant
3264 (ALUMINUM SULFATE, SOLUTION) · Class
Alum hydrolyzes to Al(OH)3, neutralizing the negative charge on colloids and sweep-flocculating turbidity; the classic primary coagulant. (Role is coagulation, not pH adjustment.)
Melting Point: -16 °C   Boiling Point: 101 °C at 760 mmHg   Density: 2.71 at 20 °C 1.7 at 20 °C
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Ferric Chloride
CAS 7705-08-0
Acids & Salts
High-performance coagulant
1773 (FERRIC CHLORIDE) · Class
Fe(III) hydrolyzes to dense Fe(OH)3 flocs effective over a wide pH and for phosphate/colour removal; stronger sweep coagulation than alum. (Role is coagulation.)
Melting Point: 306 °C   Boiling Point: 315 °C at 760 mmHg (Decomposes)   Density: 2.8 at 20 °C (anhydrous solid)
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Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC)
CAS 1327-41-9
Specialty Additives
Chelation / Sequestration
Pre-hydrolyzed aluminum coagulant that works across a broad pH with less alkalinity consumption and lower sludge than alum. (Role is coagulation.)
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Polyferric Sulphate (PFS)
CAS 10028-22-5
Acids & Salts
Iron-based coagulant
Pre-hydrolyzed iron coagulant giving fast, dense flocs and good colour/turbidity removal. (Spine mis-tags this Moisture Control; chemistry is iron coagulation.)
Melting Point: The Anhydrous form decomposes (480ºC)   Boiling Point: The Anhydrous form decomposes (480ºC)   Density: 3.1 at 20 °C
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Polyacrylamide Flocculant
CAS 9003-05-8
Polymers & Resins
Anionic PAM flocculant
High-MW polyacrylamide bridges destabilized micro-flocs into large, fast-settling flocs, sharpening clarifier overflow clarity
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PolyDADMAC
CAS 26062-79-3
Specialty Additives
Cationic coagulant polymer
Cationic organic coagulant that neutralizes colloid charge without adding metal sludge; often used to cut metal-salt dose. (Role is coagulation.)
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