난연제 시스템

섬유용 난연제는 직물의 착화와 화염 확산을 지연시키는 첨가제이며, 세 가지 서로 다른 메커니즘으로 작용합니다. aluminum hydroxide(ATH) 같은 무기 수산화물은 분해되면서 물을 방출해 가연성 가스를 냉각·희석하고, ammonium polyphosphate(APP) 같은 팽창형 인계 난연제는 섬유를 보호하는 팽창 탄화층을 형성하며, antimony trioxide는 할로겐계 시스템의 효과를 높이는 상승제 역할만 합니다. 화학종은 대상 섬유와 충족해야 하는 시험 규격에 맞춰 선정하십시오.

APP is the workhorse intumescent for cotton and cellulosics. On heating it builds a carbon char that blocks oxygen and heat, and phosphorus-nitrogen systems can be made reasonably wash-durable. ATH releases water at roughly 180-200°C, but it needs high loading to be effective, and that loading can stiffen the fabric. The trade-off is real: specify APP-based chemistry where durable cellulosic FR and acceptable hand feel both matter, and reserve high-loading ATH for back-coatings where added stiffness is tolerable.

Antimony trioxide contributes no flame retardancy on its own; it functions only with a halogenated flame retardant, typically in a back-coating. That pairing carries regulatory weight: antimony trioxide is classified as a suspected carcinogen (Carc. 2) under EU CLP and is identified as a substance of very high concern, and boric acid (used on cellulosics) is on the ECHA SVHC Candidate List as a reproductive toxicant. Confirm regulatory status for your application and jurisdiction. Where antimony or halogen chemistry is ruled out, specify phosphorus-nitrogen (APP) or mineral (ATH) systems instead.

• 면 및 셀룰로스계 섬유의 팽창형 난연 가공 (ammonium polyphosphate)
• 섬유 백코팅의 무기 수산화물 난연화 (aluminum hydroxide / ATH)
• 할로겐계 FR 백코팅 시스템용 삼산화안티몬 상승제
• Boric acid treatment of cellulosic substrates (limited, often borate-combined applications)
• NFPA, EN, CPSC 섬유 연소성 규격에 맞춰 지정되는 난연 시스템

• Ammonium polyphosphate u2014 PubChem
• Aluminum hydroxide u2014 PubChem
• Boric acid u2014 PubChem
• Antimony trioxide u2014 PubChem
• ECHA 후보물질 목록(SVHC) — 물질 상태